1. Spectroscopy

• Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR): Used to identify organic materials within paraffin by analyzing the absorption of infrared radiation, which creates a spectrum representing the molecular makeup.
• UV-Visible Spectroscopy: If the materials have absorption in the UV-visible range, this technique can quantify their content based on absorbance.

2. Chromatography

• Gas Chromatography (GC): Used for identifying and quantifying volatile organic compounds or additives present in the paraffin. Coupling with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) can improve identification accuracy.
• High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC): Useful for non-volatile components or additives, separating components based on their chemical properties.

3. Thermal Analysis

• Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC): Can help measure the melting point, phase transitions, and content of crystalline vs. amorphous phases in paraffin.
• Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA): Measures weight loss as the sample is heated, helping identify the content of volatile substances, moisture, or other components within the paraffin.

4. X-ray Fluorescence (XRF)

• This method can be used to analyze the elemental composition of inorganic substances within paraffin wax.

5. Titration

• Acid-Base Titration: Useful if the paraffin contains fatty acids or other acidic components, allowing for quantification of these materials.

6. Gravimetric Analysis

• Simple techniques like filtration and weighing can be used if you’re separating particulate materials from paraffin, allowing for quantification based on mass.